The Fate of Beta-Cells in Type 2 Diabetes and the Possible Role of Pharmacological Interventions

This article gives an overview of two recent trials investigating rosiglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, in its potential to prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in its effectiveness in monotherapy. Thiazolidinediones are among the most important developments of recent years for combating T2D and therefore worth to revisit. The possible influence of thiazolidines in improving beta-cell function is discussed as well as the potential effects on insulin resistance and obesity. Novel, incretin-based therapies (GLP-1 analogues and DPP-4 inhibitors) and their effects on beta-cell function and beta-cell mass are also summarized and critically evaluated.