Anti-diabetic and Anti-obesity Effects of Citrus amblycarpa Hassk. Peels Extract in High Fat Diet Rats Model

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Obesity is an abnormality of fat accumulation or adipose tissue in the body that affects human health via its association with the risk of development of metabolic syndrome diseases such as diabetes mellitus. This is the first study of C. amblycarpa Hassk. peel extract supplementation effect againts obese and obesity markers in Indonesia.

METHODS: We divided rats into 6 groups, the normal diet group (ND), the high-fat diet (HFD) group with orlistat, and various doses of Citrus amblycarpa Hassk. Peels extract (CAPE) 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg BW. The whole blood was collected to measure blood glucose level (BGL). Abdominal adipose tissues were examined for histopathological evaluation using Hematoxylin eosin, and gene expression was analyzed using RT-PCR.

RESULTS: The data shows a decline of BGL in HFD rats with 200 mg/kg BW CAPE supplementation compared to negative control. The presence of hyperplasia and hypertrophy in visceral fat tissue in HFD rats were indicated by the expansion of adipose cell size but can be suppressed by giving CAPE with various doses which are indicated by the lower adiposity cell area compared to HFD rats without supplementation, but with no statistical significance. The CAPE suppressed Leptin and Ghrelin in the HFD rats, as well as the HFD rats model with Orlistat, but this difference was not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: Six weeks of CAPE supplementation was beneficial in reducing BGL, adipocyte cell size, Leptin, and Ghrelin expression in HFD rats.