Effectiveness Of Tele-Health Interventions In Mitigating Post- Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS): A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background

Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) is characterized by persistent physical, psychological, and cognitive impairments following critical illness. Tele-health interventions have emerged as potential strategies to improve access to post-ICU rehabilitation and follow-up care.

Objective

To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of tele-health interventions in mitigating PICS outcomes among adult ICU survivors.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Electronic databases were searched through December 2025. Original peer-reviewed studies evaluating tele-health or eHealth intervention

targeting PICS outcomes were included. Data were synthesized narratively due to heterogeneity.

Results

Ten studies met inclusion criteria, including randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and qualitative research. Tele-health interventions demonstrated high feasibility and acceptability. Psychological outcomes, particularly anxiety, depression, and PTSD, showed the most consistent improvement. Physical and cognitive outcomes demonstrated mixed results, with limited evidence of sustained functional gains.

Conclusion

Tele-health interventions represent a promising adjunct to post-ICU care, particularly for psychological recovery. However, evidence supporting improvements in physical and cognitive outcomes remains limited. Future research should prioritize standardized outcomes, longer follow-up, and integration into multidisciplinary rehabilitation models.