Data Integration In Health Information Systems: Implications For Quality Care And Decision Making

Abstract

This study highlights the critical importance of a complete and operational Health Information System (HIS) in effective public health decision-making, concentrating on urban cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes in three cities participating in the CARDIO4cities project. A global approach was executed to assess the processing of data and concepts related to HIS, with the objective of optimizing data utilization and hence improving CVD management in urban environments. Key performance indicators (KPIs) were customized for each city, based on a universal Theory of Change (ToC). The assessment included essential aspects such as data ownership, sharing, availability, quality, collection methodologies, and the organizations participating in these processes. The study revealed common concerns among cities by mapping existing methods for data collecting, processing, and storage, as well as creating flowcharts that illustrate data flows and challenges. Significant findings revealed deficiencies in system interoperability and data integrity issues, attributable to inaccuracies, inadequate datasets, and uneven management procedures.

The recognized obstacles to successful HIS adoption encompassed disjointed systems, technological resistance from stakeholders, inadequate human resources, and apprehensions about data security. Nevertheless, the advantages of HIS, including cost savings, immediate access to information, the advancement of evidence-based policies, and improved knowledge management, were highlighted. The study offered recommendations aimed at harmonizing interoperability via standardized protocols such as FHIR, enhancing workforce capacity, promoting transparent governance, facilitating digital transitions, and establishing parallel data systems to elevate data management quality. These measures seek to promote the sustainable control of cardiovascular disease risk factors, including hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia. The results indicate the shift of HIS from conventional paper-based systems to more cohesive digital platforms. This progress requires active collaboration among stakeholders, extensive policy reforms, and localized adaptations to tackle fragmentation, hence facilitating health enhancements through effective data management systems.