Association Between Mirna-196a-2 (Rs11614913) Gene Polymorphism And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Indian Population

Abstract

Background: 1 in 7 individuals diagnosed with diabetes comes from India. The number of diabetes cases in India is said to grow exponentially by 69% by the year 2024 as shown in reports by International Diabetes Federation. India accounts for over 74 million people living with diabetes and majority of which are Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies show that genetic variations in various genes involved in energy metabolism leads to T2DM. ^[1,2]

Materials and Methods: To investigate the effect of microRNA-196a-2 (miRNA-196a-2) gene polymorphism (rs11614913) in T2DM patient, subjects were genotyped for miRNA-196a-2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) by allele discrimination assay. The downstream targets of the miRNA were analysed to determine the pathways involved in T2DM.

Results: To investigate the effect of microRNA-196a-2 (miRNA-196a-2) gene polymorphism (rs11614913) in T2DM patient, subjects were genotyped for miRNA-196a-2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) by allele discrimination assay. The frequency of the T allele was higher in patients than in controls. The odds ratio 3.16 suggests an association of the T allele with increased risk of T2DM. The T allele and CT genotype were significantly more frequent in patients with T2DM compared to controls. The potential targets for miR-196a-3p and miR-196a-5p were SFRP1, FGF2, DHFR and HOXC8, BACH1, CDKN1B respectively.

Conclusion: This study findings suggest that miRNA-196a-2 T/C polymorphism (rs11614913) is associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance and decreased beta-cell function in T2DM patients. There is also an increased susceptibility of CT genotype patients towards development of T2DM. This provides further insights on the pathogenesis of insulin resistant T2DM patients.